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Abu Abdurrahman Zaid bin Khalid al-Juhani (رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ) was an eminent companion (Sahabi) whose life represents a perfect blend of military devotion, sharp intellectual prowess, and an enduring legacy in Islamic jurisprudence (Fiqh). Below is his comprehensive biography covering his contributions, unique characteristics, and hadith legacy.
1. Complete Biography
• Full Name & Kunya: Zaid bin Khalid al-Juhani al-Madani. His primary Kunya (patronymic name) was Abu Abdurrahman, although historical accounts also mention him being called Abu Zur'ah or Abu Talhah.
• Lineage: He belonged to the Juhaynah tribe, a prominent Qahtanite Arab tribe settled in the vicinity of Medina.
• Era & Lifespan: He embraced Islam early in the Madinan period and lived a long, fruitful life, passing away at the age of 85.
• Passing Away: There is a well-known scholarly difference of opinion regarding the location and exact year of his death. He passed away either in Medina or Kufa (with some records suggesting Egypt). The historical years recorded by scholars are 68 AH or 78 AH.
2. Contributions Towards Prophet Muhammad ﷺ and Islam
Zaid was not a passive follower; he was actively involved in defending the early Muslim community alongside the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ.
• The Treaty of Al-Hudaybiyah (6 AH): Zaid was one of the faithful companions who marched with the Prophet ﷺ to Mecca and witnessed the critical pivotal turning point of the Treaty of Al-Hudaybiyah.
• The Conquest of Mecca (8 AH): During the peaceful takeover of Mecca (Fath Makkah), the Prophet ﷺ elevated Zaid's standing by granting him the honor of carrying the banner of the Juhaynah tribe as they entered the city. This was a massive token of trust, signaling his leadership within his clan.
3. Character Traits & Uniqueness
Historical records paint Zaid bin Khalid as a man of distinct character, characterized by several unique elements:
• Deep Theological Awareness: Zaid possessed a keen spiritual awareness. He famously recalled a morning prayer at Hudaybiyah where the Prophet ﷺ explained that those who credit rain to the stars commit shirk (polytheism), while those who credit it to Allah possess true Tawhid (faith). Zaid took these subtle lessons on creed deeply to heart.
• Uncompromising Integrity: He was highly trusted by the community to carry out and transmit precise legal verdicts. He did not shy away from testifying to the absolute truth, even in difficult judicial cases involving capital punishments (such as the famous case of adultery judgment he co-witnessed with Abu Huraira).
4. Knowledge of Hadiths and Jurisprudence
Zaid bin Khalid al-Juhani is considered a prolific narrator (Mukthir) of the Prophetic legacy. He transmitted approximately 81 hadiths which are recorded across major compilations, including Sahih al-Bukhari, Sahih Muslim, and the Sunan books.
His narrations form foundational pillars in Islamic Jurisprudence (Fiqh), most notably in the following areas:
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Legal/Moral Topic; Lost Property (Al-Luqatah) |
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Famous Hadith Transmitted by Zaid bin Khalid
He asked the Prophet ﷺ about finding lost gold/silver. The Prophet ﷺ told him to remember the container and its strap, announce it publicly for a year, and use it—but return it if the rightful owner ever returns.
Impact on Islamic Law (Fiqh)
This hadith serves as the primary textual baseline in Islamic law regarding how property rights, stray animals, and lost items are handled.
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Legal/Moral Topic; The Virtue of Charity. |
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Famous Hadith Transmitted by Zaid bin Khalid
"Whoever provides food for a fasting person to break his fast, he will receive a reward like theirs..."
Impact on Islamic Law (Fiqh)
Encouraged an entire cultural and religious framework of hospitality and communal sharing during Ramadan.
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Legal/Moral Topic; |
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Famous Hadith Transmitted by Zaid bin Khalid;
"Shall I inform you about the best witness? It is the one who comes to testify before being asked."
Impact on Islamic Law (Fiqh)
Highlighted the civic and religious duty of proactively preserving justice without needing to be coerced.
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Legal/Moral Topic; |
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Famous Hadith Transmitted by Zaid bin Khalid
Narrated that a man died during the Battle of Hunayn, and the Prophet ﷺ refused to pray over him initially because the man had stolen a minor amount of the spoils of war (Ghulul).
Impact on Islamic Law (Fiqh)
Established the severe spiritual consequence of public corruption and theft from state/communal wealth.
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Through his long life, his active participation in the formative events of Islam, and his meticulous preservation of the Prophet's ﷺ legal rulings, Zaid bin Khalid al-Juhani ensured that the early judicial system of Islam was preserved perfectly for generations to come. [1, 2]
The Hadith on Lost Property (Al-Luqatah)
The narration of Zaid bin Khalid al-Juhani (رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ) regarding lost property is recorded in both Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim. It serves as a cornerstone text for Islamic property laws.
Arabic Matan (The Exact Arabic Text)
«عْرِفْ وِكَاءَهَا وَعِفَاصَهَا, ثُمَّ عَرِّفَهَا سَنَةً, فَإِنْ لَمْ تَعْرِفْ فَستَنْفِقَاَا, وَلْتُنْ وَدِيعَةً عِنْدَكَ, فَإِنْ جَاءَ طَالِبُهَا يَوْمًا مِنَ الدَّهْرِ فَأَدِّهَا إِلَيْهِ»
English Translation
"Recognize well its string (Wika'a) and its container (Ifas), then make a public announcement about it for one year. If you do not find its owner, then utilize it, and let it remain as a trust with you. If its seeker comes at any time, hand it over to him."
• Fiqh Vocabulary Insights: The Prophet ﷺ used highly specific legal terms. 'Ifas' refers to the outer pouch, vessel, or container holding the money, while 'Wika'a' refers to the twine or leather strap used to securely knot it. By memorizing these distinct markers, the finder can accurately verify if a future claimant is telling the truth.
Other Notable Companions from the Juhaynah Tribe
The Juhaynah tribe holds an esteemed place in history as one of the first major nomadic tribes to embrace Islam collectively and pledge allegiance to the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ. Beyond Zaid bin Khalid, several other distinguished companions hailed from this tribe:
• Uqbah ibn Amir al-Juhani (رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ): One of the most famous figures of the tribe. He was an expert jurist, a prominent reciter of the Qur'an, and a highly skilled archer. He served as a close scribe to the Prophet ﷺ and later became the governor of Egypt during early Islamic history.
• Basbas bin Amr al-Juhani (رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ): A dedicated early companion who served as a critical intelligence scout for the Prophet ﷺ. Before the landmark Battle of Badr, the Prophet ﷺ dispatched Basbas alongside Adi bin Abi al-Zaghba to gather vital information about Abu Sufyan's incoming caravan.
• Beshir bin Aqrab al-Juhani (رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ): A devout companion whose father was martyred during the Battle of Uhud. The Prophet ﷺ personally comforted the young Beshir, famously offering to become his spiritual father figure.
• Khubaib bin Fudaik al-Juhani (رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ): A companion who narrated distinct hadiths concerning the operational details of prayer (Salah) and traveling rules.
alfakir albakr allatif
references:
https://efaraid.mais.gov.my/harta-luqatah/
Other Notable Companions from the Juhaynah Tribe
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juhaynah
https://sunnah.com/bukhari/45
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