Abu Marthad al-Ghanawi رضي الله عنه (Arabic: أبو مرثد الغنوي, died in Medina, 12 AH (age 66)) was a companion of Rasulullahﷺ. Abu Marthad al-Ghanawi رضي الله عنه is one of the first converts to Islam. The Battle of Badr, Uhud, and Khandak he followed with Rasulullahﷺ and all the other wars. Abu Marthad al-Ghanawi رضي الله عنه was tall and had bushy hair.
His name is Kannaz bin al-Hushain (Arabic: كناز بن الحصين). Since before Islam, he had been close friends and allies with Saiyidina Hamzah bin Abdul-Muththalib رضي الله عنه from the Bani Hashim clan. Muhammad bin Ishaq and Muhammad bin Umar said: "Rasulullahﷺ pairs Abu Marthad al-Ghanawi رضي الله عنه with Ubadah bin ash-Shamit رضي الله عنه," meaning when Rasulullahﷺ migrated to Madinah.
Early Hadiths Narrated by Abu Marthad al-Ghanawi رضي الله عنه
Al-Asqalani said, "Abu Marthad al-Ghanawi رضي الله عنه narrated a hadith from Rasulullahﷺ." The hadith was narrated by Muslims and Al-Baghawi. The hadith is as follows;
Abu Marthad al-Ghanawi رضي الله عنه said Rasulullahﷺ said, “Don't sit on the graves and don't pray to face them.”
It was narrated that Abu Marthad al-Ghanawi رضي الله عنه said: "Rasulullahﷺ said: 'Do not pray toward graves and do not sit on them.'"
(Nasa’i)
Surah Baqarah and Abu Marthad
This is the story of the companion Marthad Al-Ghanawi who had a girlfriend in Makkah before he accepted Islam, after he became a Muslim he was still so attached to her that he wanted permission from Rasulullahﷺ to get married to her, Rasulullahﷺ did not respond to him, however, Allahﷻ's revealed an ayah in the Quran that clarified the matter.
Surah
Al-Baqara Verse 221
وَلَا تَنْكِحُوا الْمُشْرِكَاتِ حَتَّىٰ يُؤْمِنَّ ۚ وَلَأَمَةٌ مُؤْمِنَةٌ خَيْرٌ
مِنْ مُشْرِكَةٍ وَلَوْ أَعْجَبَتْكُمْ ۗ وَلَا تُنْكِحُوا الْمُشْرِكِينَ حَتَّىٰ يُؤْمِنُوا ۚ وَلَعَبْدٌ مُؤْمِنٌ خَيْرٌ مِنْ مُشْرِكٍ وَلَوْ أَعْجَبَكُمْ ۗ أُولَٰئِكَ يَدْعُونَ إِلَى النَّارِ ۖ وَاللَّهُ يَدْعُو إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ وَالْمَغْفِرَةِ بِإِذْنِهِ ۖ وَيُبَيِّنُ آيَاتِهِ لِلنَّاسِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَذَكَّرُونَ
And do not marry polytheistic women
until they believe. And a believing slave woman is better than a polytheist,
even though she might please you. And do not marry polytheistic men [to your
women] until they believe. And a believing slave is better than a polytheist,
even though he might please you. Those invite [you] to the Fire, but Allah
invites to Paradise and to forgiveness, by His permission. And He makes clear
His verses to the people that perhaps they may remember.
(Wed not idolatresses till they believe…)
[2:221].
Abu 'Uthman ibn 'Amr al-Hafiz informed us, that his grandfather Abu 'Amr Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Jurashi, Isma'il ibn Qutaybah, Abu Khalid, Bukayr ibnMa'ruf, Muqatil ibn Hayyan who said:
“This verse was revealed about Abu Marthad al-Ghanawi رضي الله عنه who sought the permission of Rasulullahﷺ, Allah, to bless him and give him peace, to marry 'Anaq, who was a poor, fairly beautiful woman from Quraysh. But this woman was an idolatress whereas Marthad was Muslim. Abu Marthad al-Ghanawi رضي الله عنه said to Rasulullahﷺ: 'O prophet of Allah! I like her!' Allahﷻ then revealed this verse:
(Wed not idolatresses till they believe…)”.
[Al Baqarah :221].
Abu 'Uthman informed us, that his grandfather Abu 'Amr Muhammad ibn Yahya 'Amr ibn Hammad Asbat al-Suddi Abu Malik ibn 'Abbas said regarding this verse: “This verse was revealed about 'Abd Allah ibn Rawahah who owned a black slave. It happened that 'Abd Allah punched this slave because he got angry with her. But then he became worried as a result of what he had done which made him rush to Rasulullahﷺ, Allahﷻ blesses him and give him peace, to inform him of what had happened. Rasulullahﷺ, asked him:'And what is it that is really making you worried?' '
Abd Allah said: 'O Rasulullahﷺ! She fasts and prays and performs the ritual ablution in the proper way and she bears witness that there is no god but Allahﷻ and that you are His Rasulullahﷺ'. Rasulullahﷺ, said: 'O 'Abd Allah! She is a believer!' 'Abd Allah said: 'By Him who has sent you with the truth, I will set her free and marry her'. And he did. A group of Muslims reproached him for doing so, saying: 'He married a slave!'
This is because Muslims were still looking forward to marrying idolatresses and marrying their own daughters to idolaters, out of a desire for their noble lineages. Allahﷻ, exalted is He, therefore revealed about them (for lo! a believing bondwoman is better than an idolatress though she please you…)”. Ibn 'Abbas رضي الله عنه is reported to have said according to the narration of al-Kalbi from Abu Salih:
“Rasulullahﷺ, Allahﷻ bless him and give him peace, sent a man from Ghaniyy called Abu Marthad al-Ghanawi رضي الله عنه, an ally of Banu Hashim, to Makkah to try to free some Muslims who were held prisoners there.
When Abu Marthad al-Ghanawi رضي الله عنه reached Makkah, a woman called 'Anaq heard of his arrival and went to see him. This woman used to be his mistress in the pre-Islamic period but when he embraced Islam, he abandoned her. She said to him: 'Woe unto you, O Marthad! Should we not go somewhere secluded?' He said: 'Islam has placed a barrier between you and me and seclusion with you is forbidden for me. However, if you wish, I will marry you. When I return back to Rasulullahﷺ, I will seek his permission and marry you.
She said to him: 'Do you refuse the like of me?' She then cried for help, and Abu Marthad al-Ghanawi رضي الله عنه was beaten up very badly before they let him go. When Abu Marthad al-Ghanawi رضي الله عنه finished his business in Makkah, Abu Marthad al-Ghanawi رضي الله عنه went back to Madinah and immediately met Rasulullahﷺ and informed him about 'Anaq and what he went through because of her. Abu Marthad al-Ghanawi رضي الله عنه then asked: 'OMessenger of Allah! Is it lawful for me to marry her?' Allahﷻ revealed this verse forbidding him from marrying her.
(Wed not idolatresses till they believe…)”
Muslim, Sahih Muslim, no. 972
Hadith Narrated By Abu Marthad al-Ghanawi رضي الله عنه
وَعَنْ أَبِي مَرْثَدٍ اَلْغَنَوِيِّ - رضى الله عنه - قَالَ : سَمِعْتَ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ - صلى الله عليه وسلم -يَقُولُ : { لَا تُصَلُّوا إِلَى اَلْقُبُورِ , وَلَا تَجْلِسُوا عَلَيْهَا } رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ . 1
Narrated Abu Marthad al-Ghanawi (RA):
| Sunnah.com reference | : Book 2, Hadith 81 |
| English translation | : Book 2, Hadith 215 |
| Arabic reference | : Book 2, Hadith 21 |
Narrated Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-'As:
Marthad ibn Abu Marthad al-Ghanawi used to take prisoners (of war) from Mecca (to Medina). At Makkah there was a prostitute called Inaq who had illicit relations with him. (Marthad said:) I came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and said to him: May I marry Inaq, Messenger of Allah? The narrator said: He kept silent towards me. Then the verse was revealed:"....and the adulteress none shall marry save and adulterer or an idolater." He called me and recited this (verse) to me, and said: Do not marry her.
| Grade: | Hasan Sahih (Al-Albani) | حسن صحيح (الألباني) | حكم : |
| Reference | : Sunan Abi Dawud 2051 |
| In-book reference | : Book 12, Hadith 6 |
| English translation | : Book 11, Hadith 2046 |
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Video: Brief Lecture about Abu Marthad al-Ghanawi رضي الله عنه
Muslim, Shahih Muslim, no. 972
Referensi
Kutipan
^ a b c Ibn
Sa'ad 1990.
^ a b c
Az-Zarkali 2002.
^
Al-Asqalani.
Daftar
pustaka
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Abu al-Fadhl Ahmad bin Hajar. Adil Ahmad Abdul-Maujud; Ali Muhammad Mu’awwidh,
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Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah. hlm. 305. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal
2017-11-25. Diakses tanggal 2017-08-11.
Az-Zarkali,
Khairuddin bin Mahmud bin Muhammad (2002). Al-A‘lām (dalam bahasa Arab). Jilid
5. Beirut: Dar el-Ilm Lilmalayin. hlm. 234. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal
2017-08-09. Diakses tanggal 2017-08-11.
Ibn
Sa'ad, Abu Abdillah Muhammad (1990). Muhammad Abdul-Qadir Atha, ed. Al-Ṭabaqāt
al-Kubrā (dalam bahasa Arab). Jilid 3. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah. hlm.
35–36. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2017-12-10. Diakses tanggal
2017-08-11.
