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1. Biography & Lineage
• Full Name & Lineage: Abu Abdullah Thariq bin Shihab bin Abdi Shams bin Hilal al-Bajali al-Ahmasi al-Kufi. He hailed from the Banu Ahmas branch of the larger Bajila tribe.
• Status as a Companion: Hadith scholars (such as Imam Al-Dhahabi and Ibn Hajar) have confirmed that he met the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). He explicitly stated that he saw the Prophet (peace be upon him) and participated in military expeditions during the Prophet's era, even though he was a child or quite young at the time.
• Place of Residence: He migrated to and settled in the garrison city of Kufa (in present-day Iraq) following the expansion of Islamic territories, where he became a significant figure of knowledge.
• Death: He passed away in Kufa around the year 82 AH (approximately 701 CE) during the reign of Caliph Abd al-Malik bin Marwan.
2. Major Contributions to Islam
• Jihad and Military Expeditions: Thariq bin Shihab was deeply involved in the early efforts to expand Islamic territories. He himself stated: "I participated in 33 or 40 military campaigns (*Ghazwah* or *Sariyyah*) during the eras of Abu Bakr and Umar." • Preservation of the Sunnah: Due to his meticulousness and high level of trustworthiness, he became a crucial link in the chain of Hadith narration in Iraq. Scholars in Kufa relied heavily on his narrations to understand the rulings conveyed by earlier Caliphs. 3. Distinctive Characteristics
• *Mursal* Hadith from a Companion: In the science of Hadith (*Mustalah al-Hadith*), Thariq bin Shihab serves as a classic example of a Companion who transmitted *Mursal* narrations. Although he had seen the Prophet (peace be upon him), he heard most of the Prophet's words from senior Companions. Given that all Companions are inherently considered upright (*'Adl*), his narrations are generally accepted as highly authentic by Sunni scholars.
• Exceptional Trustworthiness (*Thiqah*): Hadith critics such as Yahya bin Ma'in and Al-Nasa'i unanimously recognized him as *Thiqah Ma'mun* (highly trustworthy and reliable).
4. Famous Narrated Hadiths
Thariq bin Shihab was a primary narrator of several well-known Hadiths that form a foundation in authoritative Hadith collections (such as *Sahih Muslim*, *Sunan An-Nasa'i*, and *Sunan Abu Dawud*):
• Hadith regarding the Command to Enjoin Good and Forbid Evil:
He narrated the famous incident where Marwan bin Al-Hakam began the Eid al-Fitr sermon before the prayer. A man rose to challenge him, prompting Abu Sa'id Al-Khudri to reiterate the iconic words of the Prophet (peace be upon him): "Whoever among you sees an evil, let him change it with his hand; if he is unable, then with his tongue; and if he is unable, then with his heart—and that is the weakest of faith." (Sahih Muslim)
• The Greatest Jihad: He reported that a man asked the Prophet (peace be upon him)—while the Prophet was placing his foot in the stirrup—"What is the greatest form of jihad?" The Prophet (peace be upon him) replied: "A word of truth spoken in the presence of an unjust ruler." (Sunan An-Nasa'i, Riyad as-Salihin)
• Historic Legal Rulings: He narrated significant legal and political decisions made by Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq—such as Abu Bakr's instructions to the delegation sent to Buzakha during the Ridda Wars (the campaign against apostates). (Sahih Al-Bukhari)
alfakir albakr allatifi
References:
https://terminologyenc.com/en/browse/term/38520
https://sohabih.blogspot.com/2025/09/zaid-and-bin-khalid-juhany.html
https://myhadith.islam.gov.my/tokoh/17
https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zaid_bin_Khalid
https://www.academia.edu/50364726/HADITH_AND_ITS_PRINCIPLES_IN_THE_EARLY_DAYS_OF_ISLAM_A_CRITICAL_STUDY_OF_A_WESTERN_APPROACH
https://ahadith.co.uk/hadithbynarrator.php?n=Zaid+bin+Khalid+Al-Juhani&bid=5&let=Z
https://efaraid.mais.gov.my/harta-luqatah/
https://sunnah.com/muslim:1722a
