 |
| [For Illustration Only] |
His real name is Tsauban bin Bujdudرضي الله عنه (Arabic: توبان بن بجدد). He was the maula or assistant of the Prophet Muhammad who accompanied him during his preaching in Madinah. His nickname or nickname is Abu Abdillah. As an assistant with the status of a bought slave, he got an additional nisbat after his name, al-Hasyimi, which shows that he was a messenger in the family or clan of Bani Hasyim even after he was freed.
The land of birth and origin of his ancestors was from the territory of the Himyar kingdom which is now part of the country of Yemen. In the pre-Islamic period (jahiliyyah period), he followed a war and suffered defeat in it. This caused him to be taken hostage and made into a slave to be sold in the markets around Madinah. He was then bought by the Messenger of Allah and decided to remain a loyal assistant both when living or traveling after the Messenger of Allah freed him.
One of the advantages of Tsaubanرضي الله عنه is his close relationship with the Prophet Muhammad because he was his messenger. The result of this closeness is the personal narration of hadith. Tsaubanرضي الله عنه narrated the hadith directly from Rasulullahﷺ. The narrators who took the sanad or history from him include Hasan al-Bashriرضي الله عنه, Khalid bin Ma'danرضي الله عنه, and Sulaiman bin Yasarرضي الله عنه, one of Imam Malik r.a.'s teachers.
It is narrated that the revelation of Surah An-Nisa` verse 69 is related to Tsaubanرضي الله عنه who was anxious because he realized that his rank in heaven could not match that of Rasulullahﷺ, so he was worried that he would not be able to meet him in heaven.
وَمَن يُطِعِ ٱللَّهَ وَٱلرَّسُولَ فَأُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ مَعَ ٱلَّذِينَ أَنْعَمَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيْهِم مِّنَ ٱلنَّبِيِّـۧنَ وَٱلصِّدِّيقِينَ وَٱلشُّهَدَآءِ وَٱلصَّـٰلِحِينَ ۚ وَحَسُنَ أُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ رَفِيقًۭا ٦٩
[Surah An-Nisa` verse 69]
Every time we enter the month of Rabiul Awwal, the atmosphere of longing and love of Muslims for the figure of His Honorable Rasulullahﷺ, is felt more and more. Various vibrant religious activities are held by Muslims around the world as an expression of happiness, longing, and love for Rasulullahﷺ. Prophet's birthday commemorated. The recitation of blessings on him echoed all over the world, both in the city and the countryside.
His name is Tsaubanرضي الله عنه and he is often nicknamed Maula Rasulullahﷺ. He is one of the companions of Rasulullahﷺ who did not want to return to Yemen after his release. Tsaubanرضي الله عنه decided to always be with Rasulullahﷺ, to be his faithful servant. Tsaubanرضي الله عنه embraced Islam and became a servant of Rasulullahﷺ so that he became one of the companions who knew about the activities and behavior of Rasulullahﷺ that was included in the hadith.
One day Rasulullahﷺ met Tsaubanرضي الله عنه with a sad face as if he was sick. From the look on his face, it was seen that he was holding a very deep sadness. The condition was not as usual, because Tsaubanرضي الله عنه was a friend who was always happy. After all, he was always with Rasulullahﷺ.
"Why is your face so sour, Tsauban?". Rasulullahﷺ asked. "It's okay, Messenger of Allah". The answer. "I'm not sick. It's just that if I don't see you, I'm lonely. Then, if I remember the afterlife, if I enter heaven, I'm afraid I won't be able to see you again. Because you were taken to the highest heaven with the Prophets. Then, where is my place compared to your place? Where is my level compared to yours? And, if I don't enter heaven, I will not be able to see you forever, this is the problem that has made me sad".
Praise for the personal glory of Rasulullahﷺ. has been revealed by Allahﷻ:
أَلَمْ نَشْرَحْ لَكَ صَدْرَكَ ١
وَوَضَعْنَا عَنكَ وِزْرَكَ ٢
ٱلَّذِىٓ أَنقَضَ ظَهْرَكَ ٣
وَرَفَعْنَا لَكَ ذِكْرَكَ ٤
فَإِنَّ مَعَ ٱلْعُسْرِ يُسْرًا ٥
إِنَّ مَعَ ٱلْعُسْرِ يُسْرًۭا ٦
فَإِذَا فَرَغْتَ فَٱنصَبْ ٧
وَإِلَىٰ رَبِّكَ فَٱرْغَب ٨
Have We not caused thy bosom to dilate,And eased thee of the burden,Which weighed down thy back;And exalted thy fame?But lo! with hardship goeth ease,Lo! with hardship goeth ease;So when thou art relieved, still toil, And strive to please thy Lord.
— M. Pickthall
"We have exalted for you your mention (name) "
(QS al-Insyira [94]:
(Sayyid Quthb, Fî Zhilâl al-Qur'ân, 6/688).
Such is the story of a Tsauban'sرضي الله عنه very deep love for His Majesty Rasulullahﷺ. Love is based on faith, love because of God. Tsauban'sرضي الله عنه love is love until death, love of the afterlife. As soon as he did not see Rasulullahﷺ, even if it was only for a moment, Tsaubanرضي الله عنه seemed to lose the spirit of life, even looking like a sick person.
Rasulullahﷺ was moved by Tsauban'sرضي الله عنه answer. He also felt sorry for his servant, because he saw his physical and psychological condition. But not long after that a revelation came down to Rasulullahﷺh, namely Al-Qur'an Surat (QS) An Nisaa' verse 69 which answered Tsauban'sرضي الله عنه concern that in the future whoever obeys Allah and His Messenger, then he will be together with those who bestowed by God, namely the prophets, the shiddiqin, the martyrs and the righteous.
Allahﷻ says: And whoever obeys Allah and His (His) Messenger, they will be together with those who are blessed by Allah, namely: the prophets, the shiddiiqiin, the martyrs, and those godly And they are the best friends.
( An Nisaa' / 69)
Rasulullahﷺ is the only person who must be emulated in all matters; as a worshiper, a figure with noble character, a gentle husband, an exemplary father and grandfather, a warlord, and also as the best head of state. One of the proofs of Rasulullahﷺ's love is complete obedience to the call of Rasulullahﷺ.
Indeed the answer of the believers, if they are called to Allah and His Messenger so that the Messenger can judge between them, is speech. "We listen and we obey." Those are the lucky ones.
(TQS an-Nur [24]: 51).
Well, on this birthday of Rasulullahﷺ, may we become lovers of the Messenger of Allah like Tsaubanرضي الله عنه who has such a deep love for him. Of course, this could happen to Tsauban because he was still alive with Rasulullahﷺ.
For those of us who are no longer with Rasulullahﷺ, then our love for him must be expressed with longing, obedience, defense, and struggle for Islam as the Prophet also fought for Islam to become a view of human life, for the sake of safety in this world and the hereafter. Imitating Rasulullahﷺ as a form of love should be whole because Rasulullahﷺ is the only example for every believer.
Among the examples of Rasulullahﷺ. what must be imitated is his leadership over mankind. Rasulullahﷺ. not just a spiritual leader without power, like the Pope in the Vatican, but also the head of the first Islamic State. Rasulullahﷺ compiled the Charter of Medina. Rasulullahﷺ appointed guardians (governors) and judges. Rasulullahﷺ leads and sends troops and appoints war commanders. Rasulullahﷺ regulates the economy. Rasulullahﷺ also sent messengers to preach Islam to various tribes, including the Roman and Persian Empires.
Rasulullahﷺ. is a successful leader of the country. When he died, Islamic power had covered the entire Arabian Peninsula. The number of followers continues to grow. The influence of the Islamic religion that he brought also continues to spread. It is not strange that the leadership of Rasulullahﷺ invited praise from various scholars and orientalists.
The following are several leadership characteristics of Rasulullahﷺ. : First, Rasulullahﷺ. implement Islamic sharia in total. There was not a single command or prohibition of Allah SWT that he ignored. Every time Allah SWT's law comes down, he immediately enforces that law among the people without delaying or reducing its implementation.
Second, Rasulullahﷺ. enforce the law fairly. There are no legal privileges or privileges even for his own family. He would not hesitate to impose criminal sanctions even on his own beloved daughter, Fatimahرضي الله عنه, as he said: By Allah, if Fatimah bint Muhammadرضي الله عنه stole, I would personally cut off her hand.
(HR al-Bukhari).
Third, Rasulullahﷺ. always pay attention to and serve the interests of the people. He, for example, ordered Baitul Mal to pay off the debts of the poor. This is the opinion conveyed by Imam al-Qurthubi in his tafsir when explaining the words of Allah SWT: Rasulullahﷺ is more important to the believers than themselves
(TQS al-Ahzab [33]: 6).
Fourth, Rasulullahﷺ. maintaining community order so that there are no violations such as fraud in trade, conflicts, and other criminal acts. Rasulullahﷺ. once found a merchant who mixed dry and wet food due to rainwater. Rasulullahﷺ ordered the merchant to put the wet food in a place where people could easily see it. Rasulullahﷺ then reprimanded him: Whoever cheats is not from my group.
(HR Muslim).
Fifth, Rasulullahﷺ. lead the court and organize court orders for the judges. With that, the court can run fairly without oppressing anyone. Rasulullahﷺ said: If everyone was given according to their accusations, there would certainly be people who would easily claim the wealth and blood of a people. However (the truth), evidence is obligatory on the accuser (prosecutor), and an oath is obligatory on the person who rejects the accusation (allegation)
(HR al-Baihaqi).
Sixth, Rasulullahﷺ. did collect jizyah from the unbeliever's ahlulz dzimmah and impose several sharia laws on them. However, he also protected them from acts of cruelty. Rasulullahﷺ also freed them to worship, eat and drink, and marry according to their religion. Rasulullahﷺ said: Remember, whoever oppresses, degrades, and burdens a mu'ahad infidel beyond his ability, or takes something from him without his consent, then I will be his opponent on the Day of Judgment
(HR Abu Dawud).
Seventh, Rasulullahﷺ. protect Islam and Muslims from any interference. Rasulullahﷺ fought and expelled the Jews of Bani Qainuqa'. The reason is, that they abused the honor of a Muslim woman and killed a Muslim merchant. Rasulullahﷺ also expelled the Jews of Banu Qurayzah. The reason is that they conspired with the Quraysh polytheists to attack the Muslims. That violates the mutual peace agreement.
Eighth, Rasulullahﷺ sent many delegations to various tribes, kingdoms, and empires to preach Islam to them. Rasulullahﷺ also led jihad to spread Islam or sent Saraya (a team led by the Companions) to wage jihad.
Tsauban رضي الله عنه died in 54 Hijriyah in the city of Homs, Syria.[4] Imam Baqi bin Makhlad stated that the number of hadiths of Rasulullahﷺ narrated by Tsauban during his life amounted to 127 hadiths.
Hadiths Narrated By Tsauban Maula Muhammad Rasulullahﷺ
1] The first dhikr said after the prayer is istighfar (asking for forgiveness from Allah). This provision is based on the hadith of Tsauban RA. He said: "When the Messenger of God SAW finished performing the prayer, His Majesty SAW said istighfar three times. Then His Majesty read: Allahumma anta as-salam wa minka as-Salam tabarakta ya zaljala li wal ikram. (O Allah You are the source of peace and from You that peace, you are God who is glorious and has height and glory)." (Hadith Muslim History)
(AhmadSastra, 08/10/22 : 15.00 WIB)
Among them from Dr. Zuwaimer, a Canadian orientalist, in his book, The East and Its Traditions. He said, "There is no doubt that Rasulullahﷺ was the greatest religious leader. It could also be said that he was a reformer, capable, eloquent, brave, and a great thinker."